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Polar Bear Information
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Polar bears could become extinct by the end of the century if present warming trends continue in the Arctic, according to a report issued in November by the Arctic Council and the International Arctic Science Committee. The report is the most comprehensive study to date on climate change. It represents the work of 300 scientists and experts from around the world over a four-year period.
Dr. Ian Stirling of the Canadian Wildlife Service has been monitoring changes in the polar bear population of Hudson Bay. His re
shows that the ice in Hudson Bay breaks up 2 1/2 weeks earlier than it did just 30 years ago, and that polar bears now weigh 55 pounds less than they did before. "The earlier break-up of the ice leaves the bears with less time to hunt seals and store fat," he says. He adds that the polar bear is "an indicator species" that reflects the health of the ecosystem as a whole.
The earth has warmed by an average of one degree Farenheit over the past century, but change has occurred much more rapidly in the Arctic. Winter temperatures in Alaska and western Canada have risen by three to four degrees over the past 50 years and are projected to increase an additional seven to 13 degrees over the next century.
Sea ice, which has thinned by 15%-20% over the past 30 years, is expected to continue to decline and could disappear altogether in summer. This would have a devastating effect on many arctic species, including the polar bear. Other indicators of climate change include the widespread melting of glaciers, thawing permafrost, declining snow cover, and increased precipitation, much of it in the form of rain.
Much of this change to human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels. It notes that even if emissions are reduced immediately, the world will face some degree of climate change and will feel its impacts for centuries. The council recommends two sets of actions in response to these trends: mitigation (by reducing emissions) and adaptation. The Polar Bear Institute's many re
projects on behalf of the bears, from maternity den studies to population surveys, take on even greater significance in view of this assessment.
A copy of the report is posted at http://amap.no/acia. see the following articles from the PBI Newsletter: "Climate Change: One Scientist's View." and "Polar Bears, Sea Ice, and Climate Change."
